The Water Wizard - The Extraordinary Properties of Natural Water (1997) by Viktor Schauberger

Author:Viktor Schauberger [Schauberger, Viktor]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Science / Alternative
Published: 2012-01-23T19:24:24+00:00

due to increased turbulence will flow more slowly here than at 1. As a result of this, heavy water flowing along the left bank will advance more rapidly, already initiating the first beginnings of circular motion, shown in fig. 16.

In this instance the point of rotation lies beyond the profile of the river. A new condition of equilibrium is established (profile 2-21). This circular

Fig. 16: The formation of river bends

motion continues until the respective temperatures and velocities of the heavy and light waters have reached equilibrium. The temperature gradient in the cross-section itself, which in cross-section (2-21) was previously negative from the left bank to the right, is reversed and becomes negative from right to left - for with the constant increase in the inward curvature of the current-axis towards the right (fig. 15) a flow of lighter and slower water of a higher temperature is created to the left. At the point in the cross-section where the temperature gradient reverses, a ford (cross-section 3-31) is established through the weakening of the tractive force (due to transfer of energy from the heavy water to the light water on the right bank). If the profile of the river is compared with the respective energy line, it can be seen that both contours are similar.

The formation of river bends occurs mainly where greater fluctuations in temperature, enhanced by climatic conditions, occur within short periods of time - as in the case of the debouchment of a river from mountains onto the plains. On the other hand, a straight stretch of river with regular, bilateral deposition of sediment is formed where the temperature gradient remains positive over long stretches of river for the greater part of the year.

Fig. 2 shows a stretch of the River Tepl shortly before it flows into the Eger. In this stretch the temperature gradient is always positive, because the water, previously heated upstream by the inflow of hot springs, cools off en route. Over this stretch the Tepl in every respect exhibits a straight course with regular bank-formation on both sides.

Download

Copyright Disclaimer:
This site does not store any files on its server. We only index and link to content provided by other sites. Please contact the content providers to delete copyright contents if any and email us, we'll remove relevant links or contents immediately.